What is COPD?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD, is a group of lung diseases that causes airflow blockage and breathing-related problems. In 2014, it was the third leading cause of death in the United States. Nearly 15.7 million Americans (6.4%) are reported to be diagnosed with COPD, but the number may be higher because more than 50% of adults are not aware they have the disease.
Causes of COPD
Long-term exposure to irritants that damage the lungs and airways are shown to be the main cause of COPD. In the United States, tobacco smoke is the number one cause, but other factors such as exposure to air pollutants, secondhand smoke, genetics, and respiratory infections also plays a role. It is strongly encouraged to avoid the use of tobacco smoke or the inhalation of air pollutants to prevent development of the disease.
Symptoms of COPD
Complications of COPD
Prevention
Unlike other diseases, COPD has a clear cause and a clear path of prevention to slow the progression of the disease. Cigarette smoking is linked to the majority of COPD cases and therefore the best way to prevent the disease is by never smoking or to stop the use of it now. However, we understand the difficulty of quitting smoking. It is important to keep trying and to find a tobacco cessation program that can help you stop smoking for good.
Furthermore, if you work in an environment that deals with exposure to chemicals or air pollutants, talk to your supervisor to understand the best ways to protect yourself such as using safety equipment.
It is also important to get your annual flu vaccination against pneumococcal pneumonia to reduce the risk of respiratory infections that can damage your lungs and cause breathing difficulties.
When to see a doctor?
Speak with your doctor if your symptoms are not improving with treatment or if you notice symptoms of an infection such as fever or a change in sputum. Seek immediate medical care if you can't catch your breath, if you experience severe blueness of your lips or fingernail beds (cyanosis) or a rapid heartbeat, or if you feel foggy and have trouble concentrating.
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